This Selective Glossary of Terms does not form a part of the UDP, rather, it is included to assist the reader of the Plan in understanding its text and policies.

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Abandonment (of Use)	The Courts have held that four criteria should be examined in determining whether the use of a building has been abandoned – a) The physical condition of the building, b) the period of non-use, c) whether there had been any other use, and d) evidence regarding the owner’s intentions. Whilst it is not necessary to satisfy all of the criteria, they are nonetheless factors to be considered in reaching the overall conclusion on its own merits, taking into account any material considerations.
Adopted Plan	The final, statutorily approved version of the plan.
Affordable Housing	The Council adopts the definition of ‘affordable housing’ used in National Guidance (UDP para 4.9.3. refers)
Aggregates	Local material which when mined or processed can be used for fill or construction purposes. The most common primary aggregates include crushed rock, sand and gravel. (See UDP Section 11.4)
Allocation	Land identified / zoned in the Plan for a specific purpose.
Anaerobic Digestion	Method of waste treatment that traps methane from organic matter and converts it to carbon dioxide to produce heat and electricity.
Ancillary	Uses of land or buildings which technically differ from the main (or primary) use, but which are of lesser importance, and which may be permissible depending on their relationship to the main approved use. (e.g. as explained in para. 5.7.3. of the UDP regarding Policy E7).
Aquifer	A porous underground formation of permeable rock, sand and gravel capable of yielding significant quantities of groundwater.
Archaeological Assessment	Investigation of land, objects or other material for the purpose of obtaining and recording information of archaeological or historic interest to determine whether the findings are of significant value.
Areas of Special Advertisement Control	These are areas designated by the Local Planning Authority to give tighter controls over outdoor advertising in an area which may need special protection from inappropriate advertisements. (See also UDP Section 3.19).
Article 4 Direction	A planning measure that takes away specific permitted development rights where the Local Planning Authority considers it appropriate to control such development.
Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO)	For a given set of objectives, the option that provides the most benefits or least damage to the environment as a whole at an acceptable cost in the long and short term.
Best Value	An internal review process which took place within the Council to determine whether its services were being provided at a suitably high standard and offering value for money.
Biodiversity	The richness and variety of living things (plants, birds, animals, fish and insects etc.) which exist in a given area, and the habitats which support them.
Bond	A bond is a legal agreement whereby one person, known as ‘the obligor’ agrees to pay another person, known as ‘the obligee’, a specified sum of money, either immediately or at a fixed future date.
Borrow Pit	See UDP para. 11.14.2.
Brownfield site	Planning Policy Wales (March 2002) states that ‘brownfield land’ or ‘previously developed land’ should wherever possible, be used in preference to greenfield sites for development. The Council therefore uses the definition of ‘previously developed land’ in the guidance (Fig. 2.1 refers) as also being that of a brownfield site.
Buffer	An area of land which separates or screens potentially incompatible uses, usually an area of landscaping or open space.
Cadw – Welsh Historic Monuments	The Executive Agency of the National Assembly for Wales / Welsh Assembly Government which discharges its responsibilities for the built heritage in Wales (including ancient monuments and buildings of special architectural or historic interest).
Certificate of lawful use or development	A legal certificate issued by a Local Planning Authority which confirms that a development which was originally carried out without planning permission (or in breach of a planning condition) is now lawful.
Circulars	Advice and planning guidance issued by the Welsh Assembly, its predecessors – the Welsh Office, or other Government Departments, to local planning authorities on planning issues.
Class A1	SHOPS of all types including superstores and retail warehouses; also includes hairdressers, sandwich bars (except those selling hot food), travel agents, launderettes, dry cleaners, showrooms, except car showrooms.
Class A2	FINANCIAL AND PROFESSIONAL SERVICES to visiting members of the public, including banks, building societies, estate agents, betting offices.
Class A3	FOOD AND DRINK including restaurants, pubs, wine bars, and take-aways.
Class B1	BUSINESS USE including offices (other than those falling in Class A2), research and development, and industrial processes, provided the use could be carried out in any residential area without detriment to amenity by reason of noise, vibration, smell, fumes, smoke, soot, ash, dust or grit.
Class B2	GENERAL INDUSTRIAL process other than one falling within Class B1.
Class B8	STORAGE AND DISTRUBUTION warehouses including wholesale cash and carry.
Class C1	HOTELS
Class C2	RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS including hospitals, nursing homes, residential schools and colleges.
Class C3	DWELLING HOUSES occupied by a single person or family or by not more than 6 persons living together as a single household.
Class D1	NON-RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS including religious buildings, public halls, museums, medical services.
Class D2	ASSEMBLY AND LEISURE including cinemas, bingo halls, casinos and indoor sports.
Coastal Zone	(See paras 3.7.4 – 3.7.5 of the UDP).
Commitments	Sites where a planning permission exists for development but, whilst may have been commenced, have not been completed.
Comprehensive Development	A development which will ensure that the whole of the site can be successfully developed, in phases if appropriate.
Conservation Area	An area designated by the Local Planning Authority as being of special architectural or historic interest the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance. (Section 69 of the 1990 Act refers).
Contaminated Land	(See UDP para. 3.10.18).
Controlled waste	Household, industrial, commercial, construction and demolition waste.
Countryside Council for Wales (CCW)	The National Assembly for Wales’ statutory advisor on sustaining natural beauty, wildlife and the opportunity for outdoor enjoyment in Wales and its inshore waters.
Countryside Strategy for Bridgend County Borough	This and its accompanying ‘Integrated Action Programme’ is the strategic framework for the sustainable development and management of the countryside and urban green spaces, set within the context of Local Agenda 21, in the County Borough. The Strategy also constitutes Supplementary Planning Guidance (SPG) to the UDP.
Crown Land	Land that is owned by the Government.
Development	In planning law this is defined as ‘carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operations in, on, over or under land, or the making of a material change of use of any building or other land.’ (Section 55 of the 1990 Planning Act refers).
Development Brief	A form of ‘Supplementary Planning Guidance’ (refer) and is a document which contains the local planning authority’s requirements for the development of a specific area of land. For the determination of planning applications / appeals it will be afforded greater weight as a material planning consideration according to whether it has satisfied the four tests of SPG set by the National Assembly or is continuing to proceed towards adoption by the LPA.
Easement	Voluntary agreement between a landowner and a service provider to allow access over land.
Ecology	The study of how plants and animals relate to one another and their surroundings.
Ecosystems	All the plants and animals of a particular area and how they interact with their environment and each other.
Enforcement Action	The procedure which enables the Local Planning Authority to take action against a development which has been carried out without planning permission.
Environment Agency – Wales	The National Assembly Sponsored Public Body for managing the environment in Wales.
Environmental Capacity	The ability of the environment to sustain development without undue harm.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)	An assessment requirement where a particular project is likely to have significant environmental effects under the Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) (England and Wales) Regulations 1999, as amended. Two lists exist (Schedules 1 and 2) which divide projects into two groups, those where an assessment is mandatory and those where it is discretionary, depending on the scale and impact of the project.
European Directive	A ruling issued by the European Union which Member States must follow.
Farm shop	Shop for the sale of a farmer’s own produce on his holding.
Farm Diversification	The operation of other commercial activities, besides farming, on a working farm within existing farm complexes.
Fauna	The animals of a region area, or site.
Feasibility Study	A study outlining the options for the future development of a site and considers whether the proposals are viable.
Finite Resource	A resource which has a limited lifespan, before becoming exhausted.
Flora	The plant life of a region, area, or site.
Floodplains	Areas of low-lying land alongside watercourses or in coastal areas that are liable to flooding.
Flood Risk Assessment	An assessment of the potential for flooding of an area or site.
Foul Water	Water containing waste material.
Frontage Development	Development that faces a road.
Functional and Financial Tests	As advised in National Planning Guidance (TAN6) the need for agricultural and forestry dwellings should be considered in relation to both of these tests. (See para. 3.5.13 of the UDP).
Gateway Sites	Sites located on an approach to a settlement usually in prominent locations to transport routes.
General Permitted Development Order	Planning regulations that describe categories of small-scale or minor development which can be carried out without first needing planning permission, as long as they are within specific limits. This is known as ‘permitted development’.
Geology	The scientific study of the physical structure and substance of the earth.
Geomorphology	The scientific study of landforms and landscapes.
Geophysical Survey	Survey of the Earth’s surface and underground conditions using electro-magnetic instruments.
Green Belts	There are no Green Belts currently designated in Wales.
Green Wedges	PPW (2002) (section 2.6) advises LPA’s to protect the integrity of individual settlements in their UDPs by reinforcing ‘normal planning policies’ for the protection of the countryside, using designated ‘Green Wedges’ between settlements. (See paras. 3.6.5 – 3.6.9, Policy EV11 and Table ENV2 of the UDP).
Greenfield Sites	Land which has never been built on, usually grassland, farmland or heath.
Greenfield ‘Run Off’	A discharge of water caused by rainfall falling on undeveloped land.
Greenhouse Gases	A gas that contributes to global warming by absorbing infra red radiation leading to an increase in the Earth’s temperature.
Groundwater	High quality water held in aquifers which requires little treatment prior to use and provides a proportion of the base flow for many watercourses and water used by the public.
GDP	Gross Domestic Product. A country’s income over a year minus foreign investments.
Hazardous Installations	Buildings which contain uses whose characteristics or properties may be explosive, highly flammable, toxic or carcinogenic.
Hazardous Waste	Has one or more characteristics or properties of being explosive, highly flammable, toxic or carcinogenic.
Heritage Coast	These are stretches of mainly undeveloped coast identified in England and Wales, whose landscape should be protected in the national interest (see para. 3.5.28 of the Plan).
Highway Authority	The body responsible for the development and maintenance of various public rights of way over land, in most cases the road for vehicles and the adjoining footway and associated works such as lighting and parking. The County Borough Council is the ‘local highway authority’ regarding most of the transportation network in the County Borough. Motorways are the responsibility of the Welsh Assembly Government Highways Division unless they have delegated selected functions to the local highway authority.
Historic Parks, Gardens and Landscapes	Cadw in association with ICOMOS, CCW and others, have published a Register which details those landscapes, parks and gardens of special historic interest in Wales. The effect of a proposed development on such an area may be a material consideration in the determination of a planning application.
Hydro Power Plant	Process of using water to drive a turbine which generates electricity.
Inert waste	Material that will not decompose / deteriorate in the foreseeable future and will not have any pollution implications associated with it.
Infrastructure	Roads, sewers, drainage and the availability of energy supplies at the most basic level, through to social infrastructure such as schools and community centres.
Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)	ICZM is the planning and management of the coast and its related environments and the way they operate together. It is a practice advocated in Planning Policy Wales (para. 5.6.1 refers) to ensure that coastal management is “environmentally and economically sustainable and socially equitable and cohesive.”
Inundation	Overflowing or flooding usually occurring in coastal areas.
Landfill	Sites where household, commercial and industrial waste are stored in the ground.
LANDMAP	A common methodology for the Landscape and Decision Making Process (LANDMAP) in Wales which seeks to integrate the assessment of the various components of landscape. These include geology and landforms (including hydrology), vegetation and habitats, visual, sensory and spiritual perception, historical, rural land use (such as agriculture and forestry), settlement and development, artistic and folklore.
Landscape Conservation Areas	A local designation made by the LPA in the UDP for selected areas of countryside in the County Borough which have ‘Special Landscape Area’ status, and which have additional protection to ‘normal planning policies’ for the protection of the countryside. (See paras. 3.5.29 – 3.5.32, Policy EV10 and Table ENV1 of the UDP).
Land Use Strategy	This is the central core purpose and overall aim of the UDP in land use terms.
Listed Building	A building with special legal protection which is in the List of Buildings of Special Architectural and Historic Interest complied by Cadw.
Local Agenda 21	The process established as a consequence of the Rio Earth Summit in 1990 with the objective of seeking action on sustainable development issues at the local level.
Local Biodiversity Action Plan (LBAP)	This aims to ensure that species and their habitats of national, regional and local importance are protected from inappropriate development. It has been produced by the Bridgend Biodiversity Partnership in consultations with conservation bodies, landowners and the local community. The LBAP also constitutes SPG to the UDP.
Local Planning Authority (LPA)	Bridgend County Borough Council is the Local Planning Authority and is responsible for preparing development plans and controlling development.
Local Transport Plan	This Plan which sets out Bridgend County Borough Council’s transport strategy, implementation policy and priorities for transportation improvements in the County Borough.
Main Settlements	The ‘main settlements’ of the County Borough are listed in Policies EV12 and H3 of the UDP. Each main settlement has a designated ‘settlement boundary’ (Policy EV12 also refers). Under the Land Use Strategy and Settlement Strategy of the Plan, main settlements / urban areas are the main focus for new development.
Material Change of Use	A term used to describe changes to the use of land or buildings which make them so different that they adopt a character different to that which previously existed. The Courts have held that a material change of use can also be established not merely by reference to the change in use of the ‘planning unit’ but also by reference to its material consequences (the merits question), and in particular whether off-site harm can be identified.
Material Consideration	The Courts have held that the “test of a material consideration” is an objective one, however it must be rational, and rationally related or relevant to land use issues and the proposed development. In taking its decisions, the local planning authority, must take into account all material considerations as to do otherwise will render any decision challengeable and subject to being quashed by the Courts. Development Plans, National Planning Guidance (PPW and TANs etc), Supplementary Planning Guidance (SPG), other related planning decisions for example, have all been considered by the Courts to be ‘material planning considerations’. Each planning decision may be governed by different circumstances, but the test of materiality is always one of ‘reasonableness’.
Mean Low Water Mark	Average distance the sea retreats at low tide.
Mid Glamorgan Replacement Structure Plan	Formerly a part of the statutory Development Plan, this was superseded by the Bridgend Unitary Development Plan when the latter was adopted. Previously, it set out the strategic policies and guidance for land use development in the County Borough, and was itself adopted in 1997.
Mitigation	The alleviation or improvement of a situation.
Municipal waste	Waste collected by or on behalf of the County Council. This includes all household waste, street litter, waste delivered to recycling points, municipal parks and gardens waste, council office waste, civic amenity site waste, and some commercial waste from shops and smaller trading estates where Council waste collection agreements are in place.
National Nature Reserve (NNR)	An area of national or international importance for nature conservation and managed in accordance with a nature reserve agreement with landowners and occupiers.
Net Retailing Floorspace	Retail sales area available for use by customers excluding stairwells, toilets, storage areas etc.
Noise Impact Assessment	An assessment required where a particular development is likely to create significant noise and could cause disturbance in the surrounding area.
Objective 1 Status	A European designation given to the poorest and least developed areas (in Wales etc) (awarded on the basis of Gross Domestic Product) which attracts the highest grant levels.
Ogwr Borough Local Plan	Formerly a part of the statutory Development Plan, this was superseded by the Bridgend Unitary Development Plan when the latter was adopted. Previously, it set out the detailed local policies and specific proposals for the development and use of land in the County Borough, and was itself adopted in 1995.
Open Space	This is an overall term that includes Public Open Space (POS) and Outdoor Playing Space (OPS). (See UDP para. 9.4.1). The different forms which POS and OPS take e.g. playing fields, children’s play space etc are fully described and the subject of different planning policies set out in the Sport and Recreation Chapter of the UDP.
Outline Application	A planning application made to establish only the principle of a particular development. A further detailed application must be approved before development can proceed.
Part 1 of the UDP	This consists of a brief statement of the strategic policies for development in the County Borough.
Part 2 of the UDP	This sets out the detailed and specific proposals for the development and use of land in the County Borough.
Pedestrianisation	The statutory process of excluding traffic from areas of towns etc. making those areas predominantly, or exclusively accessible by pedestrians only.
Pedestrian Priority Scheme	A scheme where pedestrians have priority over other traffic.
Permitted Reserves	Reserves of minerals with planning permission for their extraction etc.
Phasing	Controls the release of land for development in stages.
Physiography	Distribution of soils, climate patterns, vegetation and terrain usually highlighted in map form.
Planning Application	An application to the Local Planning Authority for permission to carry out development of a specified nature on a particular site / building. This usually requires the payment of a specified fee.
Planning Condition	Planning permission can be granted subject to planning conditions to ensure that development is or is not carried out in a certain way.
Planning Obligation	This can be a legal undertaking by a developer only, or a legally-binding agreement with the Local Planning Authority. Planning obligations are finalised before planning permission is granted. They are used to ensure a development is carried out in a certain way.
Planning Permission	Permission granted for the carrying out of specified development on a particular site. Permission can be given either conditionally or unconditionally.
Planning Policy – Wales (PPW) (2002)	This is the primary planning policy document produced by the Welsh Assembly Government. It is supplemented by a series of Technical Advice Notes (TANs) (refers later), and together with other guidance in form of Circulars etc. provides a comprehensive context for sustainable land use planning policy in Wales. In sum or in part they may be material considerations in planning decisions and appeals, and local planning authorities must have appropriate regard to national policy when formulating their Plans and Policies.
Plan Period	The period of time a plan covers. The Bridgend Unitary Development Plan (UDP) covers the period up to 2016.
Policies	Can generally operate in three ways: Guiding the direction and nature of future growth. Promoting particular parcels of land in order to stimulate or bring forward development by making clear allocations. Ensuring that proposals brought forward by developers conform to national policies, regional guidance and the adopted strategy of the Plan.
Primary Shopping Areas	These incorporate the streets, and groups of buildings and their primary frontages where the number and concentration of non-retail uses will be restrained. (See Policy R3 and para. 7.4.3 of the UDP).
Proposals Map	The Proposals Map of the UDP comprises a series of Plans and Inset Plans on an Ordnance Survey base which illustrates each of the detailed policies and proposals in the ‘Written Statement’, defining sites for particular developments or land uses and the areas to which specified development control policies will be applied. In the event of any contradiction between the Written Statement and the Proposals Map, the provisions of the ‘Written Statement’ prevail.
Proximity Principle	In relation to waste, waste that is disposed of as near to its place of production as possible. (See UDP para. 12.2.3)
Public Rights of Way	A network providing access to the County Borough including public footpaths, bridleways, byways open to all traffic and restricted byways. Some may be combined with cycleways.
Regionally Important Geological and Geomorphological Sites	Also known as RIGS, these are sites within the County Borough that are considered to contain a high standard of geological and geomorphological features.
Regional Planning Guidance	Planning guidance produced at the regional level by the South East Wales Planning Group (SEWSPG) a collaboration between South East Wales local planning authorities) to tackle issues of strategic importance which can best be dealt with over an area larger than that of individual Local Planning Authorities.
Renewable Energy	Also known as ‘Sustainable Energy’ is the term used to cover those sources of energy, other than fossil fuel or nuclear fuel, which are continuously and sustainably available in our environment. This includes wind, water, solar, geothermal energy, and plant material often referred to as ‘biomass’.
Reserved Matters	In relation to an outline planning application or outline planning permission, any details which have not been given in the application in relation to siting, design, external appearance, access and landscaping which will require approval at a later date.
Residential Land Availability Study	A study of housing land supply co-ordinated by the Welsh Development Agency and agreed by the County Borough Council, Housing Associations, House Builders Representatives, and Utility Services Providers. It indicates the amount of housing land / plots under construction or with planning permission for development, and provides an estimate of the expected time-span which the ‘residential land bank’ will provide to housing developers in the County Borough.
Retail Hierarchy	The range of shopping facilities in the County Borough from the highest order offering the widest range of shopping and service outlets i.e. the sub-regional town centre (Bridgend) down through the smaller town centres (Maesteg, Porthcawl) to the district centres (e.g. Pencoed and Ogmore Vale), then neighbourhood precincts and local shops.
Retail Impact Assessment	An assessment required where a proposed retail development is considered to have an impact on a town centre or local centre. It must consider the qualitative and quantitative need for the proposal, the sequential test, the economic impact on centres, accessibility by different modes of transport and environmental impacts.
Ribbon development	Linear development along a road frontage.
Run-Off	A discharge of water caused by rainfall.
Scheduled Ancient Monument	Archaeological remains of national importance which have been given special status by the National Assembly because they meet certain criteria. (See UDP para. 3.16.10)
Sequential Test	Also known as the ‘search sequence’ in relation specifically to housing, this test is also applied when assessing sites for retail, commercial and leisure uses. In the case of housing: sites should be allocated firstly utilising the re-use of previously developed land and buildings within settlements, then settlement extensions, and then new development around settlements with good transport links, in accordance with the Plan’s Settlement Strategy. In the case of retail, commercial and leisure uses the ‘sequential test’ is set out in para. 7.1.6 of the UDP.
Settlement Boundaries	These define the edge of the urban area beyond which lies countryside for designated settlements in the UDP.
Sewerage Systems	The system of pipes connecting properties to a Sewage Treatment Works.
Shoreline Management Plan	Outlines the strategies for coastal defence and management in the County Borough.
Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI)	A protected area identified as being of at least national importance in terms of wildlife, flora, fauna, geological and physiological features.
Special Area of Conservation (SAC)	Designated under the European Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and Wild Flora and Fauna for the conservation of sites of international conservation importance.
Special Landscape Areas	(see para. 3.5.30 of the UDP).
Statutory Instruments	Regulations that bring into force Acts or sections of Acts such as the 1990 Town and Country Planning Act.
Strategic Coalfield Plateau and its Associated Valley Sides	A regional / sub-regional designation agreed by Authorities in South East Wales affords ‘Special Landscape Area’ status to this generally upland area of countryside, and which given additional protection to ‘normal planning policies’ for the protection of the countryside. (See paras. 3.5.29 – 3.5.32 and Policy EV10 of the UDP).
Sui Generis	Many uses do not fall within any Use Class as defined in the Use Classes Order or its subsequent amendments and are therefore described as sui generis – in a class on their own. For example, theatres, amusement centres, car showrooms, petrol filling stations, and car hire offices are among uses which are specifically excluded from any of the defined Use Classes.
Supplementary Planning Guidance (SPG)	Supplementary Planning Guidance are documents which include more detailed advice on specific policy areas and include development briefs and design guides which set out site specific planning requirements or general advice which is too detailed to include in the UDP. SPG should be read in conjunction with the relevant UDP Policies.
Surface water run-off	A discharge of water caused by rainfall falling on a hard surface, for example roofs and roads.
Sustainability Appraisal	This ensures that at every stage in its preparation, implementation and monitoring, the UDP has sought and will continue to seek wherever possible, to realistically achieve sustainable development aims and objectives. The Appraisal also constitutes Supplementary Planning Guidance to the UDP. (See UDP Section 3.4).
Sustainable Development	Development that meets the needs of the present without comprising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Technical Advice Notes (TANs)	Documents produced by the Welsh Assembly Government giving detailed technical guidance to Local Planning Authorities on particular planning issues. TAN’s should be read in conjunction with Planning Policy (Wales) and taken into account by local planning authorities in the preparation of development plans. They may also be material planning considerations in the determination of individual planning applications.
Topography	The arrangement of the physical features of the landscape.
Traditional buildings	Buildings which are typical of their period or of a particular character, often historic buildings, which are built in a style that is characteristic of that in the County Borough (e.g. constructed of local stone, etc).
Traffic Calming	Methods of slowing down traffic, such as road humps, surface treatment or road narrowing.
Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA)	An assessment required where a proposed development is considered to have a traffic impact on an area. The TIA should take account of the existing amount of traffic and whether the existing network can accommodate additional traffic generated by the development. Access by different modes of transport and environmental impacts will be considered.
Trans European Road Network (TERN)	A network of European highways, the ‘E’ routes are of international importance and link the principal ports with the major cities. They are made up of selected trunk roads and motorways.
Transport Corridors	These are the main routes identified in the County Borough for the movement of people or goods (see Section 6.8 of the UDP).
Tree Preservation Order	An order giving protection to a single tree or to a group or area of trees or woodland.
28 Day Rule	Where the change of use is permitted for up to 28 days in any calendar year without the need for planning permission.
Unitary Development Plan (UDP)	The statutory Development Plan which contains strategic and local policies and detailed proposals for the development and other use of land, including measures for improving the physical environment, the management of traffic and the conservation of the natural beauty and amenity of the land. They are prepared in Wales by Unitary Authorities and National Park Authorities and replace the former system of structure and local plans.
Use Classes Order	The Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 and any subsequent amendments to the Order places the main uses of land and buildings into different categories. Planning permission is generally required for changes of use between classes but not within a class.
Utility Companies or providers	Organisations providing services such as water, sewerage, gas and electricity.
Vernacular	The style of architecture, use of materials or decoration of a feature associated with a location, culture or period of time.
Viability	The ability of an individual business to continue trading or the ability of a centre as a whole to attract investment, not only to maintain the fabric, but also to allow for improvement and adaptation to changing needs.
Vitality	Reflection of how busy or strong a centre is at different times and in different parts, attractiveness in the facilities and character which draw trade.
Waste Transfer Station	Sites where household waste, commercial and industrial wastes are sorted for landfilling, re-use, recycling and processing elsewhere.
Water Abstraction	The taking of water from groundwater sources or from rivers to support land uses such as housing, businesses and agriculture.
Water Courses	A moving body of water such as a river or stream.
Windfall Sites	A site for new development which is currently unallocated but has the potential to come forward for development for 10 or more dwellings during the plan period. (See para. 4.6.6 of the UDP).

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